Planning a trip to Africa or South America? You may have heard about the need for a yellow fever vaccine. But what exactly is yellow fever? Here’s everything you need to know to prepare for your journey with peace of mind!
What is Yellow Fever?
Yellow fever is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, primarily in tropical regions of Africa and South America. Its name comes from the yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice) that some infected individuals may experience.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that all travellers aged 9 months or above get vaccinated against yellow fever before visiting high-risk areas. Vaccination, combined with mosquito prevention measures, is the best way to protect yourself and ensure a worry-free trip.
Symptoms of Yellow Fever
Most people infected with yellow fever experience mild symptoms, such as:
- Fever
- Muscle pain
- Headache
- Runny nose
- Nausea or vomiting
However, about 10% of patients may develop severe symptoms, including:
- High fever
- Severe jaundice
- Bleeding
- Organ failure
Yellow fever has no specific antiviral treatment, and supportive care is the only option to alleviate symptoms. In severe cases, the fatality rate can reach 30%-60%, making prevention especially critical.
Which Regions Are High-Risk for Yellow Fever?
Yellow fever is prevalent in 30 African countries and 13 Central and South American countries, including:
- Africa: Kenya, Ethiopia, Nigeria
- South America: Argentina, Brazil, Peru
According to the International Health Regulations (IHR), yellow fever is the only disease for which some countries require proof of vaccination for entry. If you have stayed or transited through yellow fever-endemic areas, some countries may demand a valid vaccination certificate. For specific country requirements, refer to the WHO website.
Who Should Get the Yellow Fever Vaccine?
The yellow fever vaccine is recommended for all travellers aged 9 months or above, especially those visiting high-risk areas.
- Best Time to Get Vaccinated: At least 10 days before departure to allow your body to develop immunity.
- For Low-risk Destinations: If you cannot get vaccinated, take preventive measures such as wearing long sleeves, using insect repellents and avoiding forested areas.
The Safety of Yellow Fever Vaccine
- Effective Protection: Immunity develops about 10 days after vaccination, with over 90% of recipients gaining long-term protection.
- Safety: Some individuals may experience mild side effects like headaches, fever or muscle pain, which usually resolve within 1-2 days. Severe allergic reactions or vaccine-associated neurotropic and viscerotropic diseases are extremely rare.
- Special Health Considerations: Travellers with chronic illnesses, weakened immune systems or those over 60 should consult a doctor before vaccination.
Where to Get Yellow Fever Vaccine in Hong Kong?
In Hong Kong, the yellow fever vaccine is available only at the Travel Health Service of Department of Health. If you’re planning to visit high-risk areas, book your vaccination appointment in advance.
If your destination does not require a yellow fever vaccine, it is still a good idea to undergo a travel health consultation and get other recommended vaccines. Our professional travel health team, listed in the International Society of Travel Medicine (ISTM) Global Travel Clinic Directory, is dedicated to providing expert health consultations and vaccination services for local and international travellers.
Additional Measures to Prevent Yellow Fever
In addition to vaccination, travellers should take the following precautions to avoid mosquito bites:
- Use Insect Repellents: Apply repellents containing DEET or Picaridin.
- Wear Long-Sleeved Clothing: Choose long-sleeved shirts and pants, especially during dawn and dusk.
- Stay in Mosquito-Protected Accommodation: Book places with air conditioning or window screens.
Keep Yellow Fever Away from Your Travel!
Before your trip, ensure you’re vaccinated and take appropriate mosquito precautions to protect yourself and your family. Enjoy every moment of your journey with peace of mind! For assistance, contact our travel health center to learn more and book your service today!
Reference:
Travel advice (WHO, 2024)
Yellow Fever and Vaccination (Department of Health, 2024)
